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There Was / Were

We use "there was" and "there were" to say that something or somebody existed in the past.

We use "there was" for one thing or one person.

Examples:

There was a book on the table.

There was someone at the door.

We use "there are" for more than one thing or person.

Examples:

There were three books on the shelf.

There were some people in the yard.

Bulb When we talk about a list of things or people, if the first item is singular, we use "there was". If the first itme is plural, we use "there were".

Examples:

There was a book, two pens, and a notebook on the desk.

There were two pens, a book, and a notebook on the desk.

We often use "there was / were" with "a / an", "some" or "any".

We use "a" or "an" before countable singular nouns in positive and negative sentences, and questions.

Examples:

+There was a cat in the yard.

-There wasn't a cat in the yard.

?Was there a cat in the yard?

We use "some" before countable plural or uncountable nouns in positive sentences:

Examples:

+There were some apples in the basket.

+There was some water in the glass.

We use "any" before countable plural and uncountable nouns in negative sentences and questions:

Examples:

-There weren't any apples in the basket.

?Were there any apples in the basket?

-There wasn't any water in the glass.

?Was there any water in the glass?

Bulb "There was" and "it was" are different. We use "there was" to say that something existed or to talk about the location of something, but we use "it was" to describe or identify something specific.

Examples:

There was a phone on the desk. It was black.

There was a dog in the garden. It was barking.

There Was / Were

از ساختار های there was و there were استفاده می کنیم تا بگوییم کسی یا چیزی در زمان گذشته وجود داشته است.

وقتی راجع به یک نفر یا یک چیز صحبت می کنیم از there was استفاده می کنیم.

مثال:

There was a book on the table.

یک کتاب روی میز بود.

There was someone at the door.

یک نفر / کسی دم در بود.

وقتی راجع به دو شخص یا دو چیز، یا تعداد بیشتری از افراد یا چیز ها صحبت می کنیم، از ساختار there were استفاده می کنیم.

مثال:

There were three books on the shelf.

سه عدد کتاب روی طاقچه / قفسه بود.

There were some people in the yard.

چند نفر توی حیاط بودند.

Bulb وقتی درباره لیستی از افراد یا چیز ها صحبت می کنیم، اگر اولین شخص یا چیز در آن لیست مفرد باشد از there was استفاده می کنیم. اما اگر اولین چیز یا اولین فرد در لیست جمع باشد از there were استفاده می کنیم.

مثال:

There was a book, two pens, and a notebook on the desk.

یک کتاب، دو خودکار و یک دفترچه روی میز بود.

There were two pens, a book, and a notebook on the desk.

دو خودکار، یک کتاب و یک دفترچه روی میز بود.

ساختار "there was / were" معمولا با "some" ،"a / an" یا "any" استفاده می شود.

قبل از اسامی قابل شمارش مفرد در جملات مثبت، منفی و سوالی از a / an استفاده می کنیم.

مثال:

+There was a cat in the yard.

یک گربه تو حیاط بود.

-There wasn't a cat in the yard.

گربه ای تو حیاط نبود.

?Was there a cat in the yard?

آیا یک گربه تو حیاط بود؟

قبل از اسامی قابل شمارش جمع و اسامی غیر قابل شمارش در جملات مثبت از some استفاده می کنیم.

مثال:

+There were some apples in the basket.

چند تا سیب تو سبد بود.

+There was some water in the glass.

یک مقدار آب تو لیوان بود.

قبل از اسامی قابل شمارش جمع و اسم های غیر قابل شمارش در جملات منفی و سوالی از any استفاده می کنیم.

Examples:

-There weren't any apples in the basket.

هیچ سیبی تو سبد نبود.

?Were there any apples in the basket?

آیا تو سبد سیب بود؟

-There wasn't any water in the glass.

تو لیوان آب نبود.

?Was there any water in the glass?

آیا تو لیوان آب بود؟

Bulb حواسمان باشد there was و it was متفاوتند. از ساختار there was استفاده می کنیم تا بگوییم کسی یا چیزی وجود داشته است، یا مکان کسی یا چیزی کجا بوده است. اما از it was استفاده می کنیم تا چیزی را توصیف کنیم و بگوییم چه بوده است یا ماهیتش چگونه بوده است.

مثال:

There was a phone on the desk. It was black.

یک تلفن روی میز بود. آن تلفن سیاه بود.

There was a dog in the garden. It was barking.

یک سگ در باغ بود. آن سگ داشت پارس می کرد.

موضوعات مرتبط

link There Is / Are, Some / Any (Elementary)

Exercises

Complete the sentences with "there was / were" + "a / an", "some" or "any".

1I didn't buy anything because ____ money in my wallet.

I didn't buy anything because there wasn't any money in my wallet.

2We couldn't find a seat because ____ chairs in the cafe.

We couldn't find a seat because there weren't any chairs in the cafe.

3____ interesting movie on TV last night?

Was there an interesting movie on TV last night?

4We got lost because ____ map in the car.

We got lost because there wasn't a map in the car.

5____ pens on the desk yesterday, but I can't find them now.

There were some pens on the desk yesterday, but I can't find them now.

6____ lifeguard at the pool when you went swimming?

Was there a lifeguard at the pool when you went swimming?